Constitution of India MCQ Quiz - Objective Question with Answer for Constitution of India - Download Free PDF

In the Constitution of India, Fundamental duties are enshrined in Part IV A, Article 51 A.Important Points

• Part IV of the Constitution includes the Directive Principles of State Policy and Part IV A includes the Fundamental Duties
• Article 51-A Says that it shall be the duty of every citizen of India-
  • to accept the constitution and esteem its ideal and institutions;
  • to treasure and pursue the noble ideals which motivated our national struggle for freedom;
  • to defend and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India;
  • to defend the nation and induce national service when called upon to do so;
  • to foster harmony and the essence of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India surpassing religious, linguistic, and regional diversities,
  • to abandon practices degrading to the dignity of women;
  • to uphold the rich heritage of our diverse culture;
  • to protect and enhance the environment, including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife;
  • to practise compassion for all living things;
  • to foster a scientific mindset, humanism, and the spirit of reformation; to protect public property; and
  • to abstain from using violence.

Hence, The correct answer is Fundamental duties are enshrined in Part IV A, Article 51 A.

Key Points The electoral college, which consists of

• elected members of both Houses of Parliament,
• elected members of state legislative assemblies, and
• elected members of the legislative legislatures of Delhi and Puducherry's union territory, elect the president.

• Members of both Houses of Parliament who has been elected.
• Members of both Houses of Parliament were nominated.

The system of proportional representation using a single transferable vote and secret ballot voting apply.

The answer is Government of India Act, 1935.

Important Points 

• The Government of India Act, 1935 was a British law that established a federal system of government in India.
  • It was the most important source of inspiration for the framers of the Indian Constitution.
  • The Act provided for a bicameral legislature, a federal court, and a system of provincial autonomy.
  • It also guaranteed fundamental rights to the people of India.
• The other options are incorrect.

• The Constitution of Britain is a unitary system of government, while the Constitution of Ireland is a republic.
• The Indian Council Act, 1919 was a less comprehensive document than the Government of India Act, 1935.
• The Government of India Act, 1935 was not without its flaws.
  • However, it was a significant step forward in the development of self-government in India.
  • It provided the basis for the Indian Constitution, which is one of the most progressive constitutions in the world.

Additional Information

Here are some of the specific provisions of the Government of India Act, 1935 that were incorporated into the Indian Constitution:

• The federal system of government
• The bicameral legislature
• The federal court
• The system of provincial autonomy
• The guarantee of fundamental rights

The Indian Constitution also incorporated some provisions from other sources, such as the American Constitution, the Irish Constitution, and the British Magna Carta. However, the Government of India Act, 1935 was the most important source of inspiration for the framers of the Indian Constitution.

The correct answer is 1 and 2.

In News

• Recently, the Supreme Court in a judgment championing the importance of “Cooperative Federalism” for the well-being of democracy, held that Union and State legislatures have “equal, simultaneous and unique powers” to make laws on Goods and Services Tax (GST) and the recommendations of the GST Council are not binding on them.

Key Points

• Cooperative Federalism: 
  • The Centre and states share a horizontal relationship, where they “cooperate” in the larger public interest. 
  • It is an important tool to enable states’ participation in the formulation and implementation of national policies. 
  • Union and the states are constitutionally obliged to cooperate with each other on the matters specified in Schedule VII of the constitution.
• Competitive Federalism: 
  • The relationship between the Central and state governments is vertical and between state governments is horizontal. 
  • This idea of Competitive federalism gained significance in India post 1990s economic reforms.  
  • In a free-market economy, the endowments of states, available resource base and their comparative advantages all foster a spirit of competition. Increasing globalisation, however, increased the existing inequalities and imbalances between states. 
  • In Competitive federalism States need to compete among themselves and also with the Centre for benefits. 
  • States compete with each other to attract funds and investment, which facilitates efficiency in administration and enhances developmental activities. 
  • Competitive federalism is not part of the basic structure of Indian constitution. It is the decision of the executives.

The correct answer is 2 only.

In News

• The Hindu: The price of persistent federal frictions.

Key PointsArticle 258 and  Article 258A of the Indian constitution:

• Articles 258 and 258A of the Indian Constitution deal with the delegation of executive powers between the Union and the States.

Article 258: Power of the Union to confer powers, etc., on States in certain cases:

• This article empowers the President of India, with the consent of the government of a State, to entrust functions in relation to any matter to which the executive power of the Union extends, either conditionally or unconditionally to that government or its officers. This means that the Union can delegate its powers to the States in certain cases. Hence statement 1 is not correct.

Article 258A: Power of the States to entrust functions to the Union:

• This article is a mirror image of Article 258.
• It empowers the Governor of a State, with the consent of the Government of India, to entrust functions in relation to any matter to which the executive power of the State extends, either conditionally or unconditionally to the Union or its officers. This means that the States can delegate their powers to the Union in certain cases. Hence statement 2 is correct.
• The purpose of these articles is to provide for a flexible and adaptable system of executive power, allowing the Union and the States to share powers and responsibilities as needed. This is in line with the principle of cooperative federalism enshrined in the Indian Constitution.
• Here are some examples of how Articles 258 and 258A have been used in practice:
• The Union has delegated the administration of many centrally sponsored schemes to the States.
• The States have delegated the management of certain public services, such as electricity and water supply, to private companies.
• The Union and the States have jointly established bodies, such as the Central Pollution Control Board, to deal with common problems.
• These are just a few examples of how Articles 258 and 258A have been used to promote cooperation and coordination between the Union and the States.

The correct answer is Prem Behari Narain Raizada.

Key Points

• Prem Behari Narain Raizada (Saxena) is the man who hand wrote the original Constitution of India.
• Raizada over his desk in the Constitution Hall (now Constitution Club) for six months to handwrite 395 articles, 8 schedules, and a preamble in both English and Hindi.
• He used No.303 pens for English calligraphy and Hindoo dip-pen nib from Birmingham for Hindi calligraphy. 

Additional Information

• It all began on August 29, 1947, when the Constituent Assembly set up a Drafting Committee to formulate a Draft Constitution of India.
• After 11 sessions and endless debates and amendments, the Constitution for the newly-independent nation was ready.
• Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru wanted it handwritten in a flowing italic style.
• Prem Behari Narain Raizada (Saxena), a noted calligraphist, was chosen for the task.
• The bespectacled Raizada held a degree from St Stephen’s College (New Delhi) and worked for Govan Brothers (Raymond Eustace Grant Govan, the founder of Govan Brothers, was the first President of the Board of Control for Cricket in India).

Important Points 

• Its weight: 3.75 kilograms.
• Its title: Constitution of India.
• The original copies of the Constitution are kept in special helium-filled cases in the Parliament's library.
• The original manuscript of the Constitution of India that came into force on January 26, 1950.
• 

The correct answer is Provisions regarding disqualification on ground of defection.

Key Points

• The Tenth schedule recently in news regarding the Supreme court's notice to Goa Assembly Speaker on MLA disqualification proceedings.
• The 52nd Amendment Act of 1985 provided for the disqualification of the members of Parliament and the state legislatures on the ground of defection from one political party to another.
• The Tenth schedule added under the 52nd amendment act.

Important Points

The correct answer is Canada.

Important Points

• The Federal System of India is governed in terms of the Constitution of India.
• The country of India is also referred to as the Sovereign, Secular, Democratic Republic and has a Parliamentary form of government.
• The nation is basically working according to the Indian Constitution, which was adopted on the 26th of November 1949.
• The federal nature of the Indian constitution was adopted from the Constitution of Canada.

Key Points

• The head of the Executive Union is the President of the country In the Federal System of India.
• The real political, as well as social power, resides in the hands of the Prime Minister, who in turn heads the Council of Ministers.
• According to the Federal System of India, the Prime Minister and his Council of Ministers will advise and help the President.
• It is clearly stated in Article 74 (1) of the Indian Constitution, 
  • The Council of Members is answerable to the Lok Sabha or the House of People, as per the Federal System prevailing in India.
  • The Indian Constitution is subject to change, however, this change can only occur after the bill is passed with a majority of votes in the Parliament House.
  • Legislative powers are shared between the State Legislatures and the Parliament, while the rest of the powers are in the hands of the Parliament of India.
  • The Federal System in India conveys that the President, the Prime Minister, the Council of Ministers, and the Vice-President, together form the Union Executive

The correct answer is Both Hindi and English.

• The original copies of the Indian Constitution, written in Hindi and English.

​Key Points

• The original Constitution of India was handwritten by Prem Behari Narain Raizada in a flowing italic style with beautiful calligraphy.
• Each page was beautified and decorated by artists from Shantiniketan.
• The original constitution had two copies each written in Hindi and English, are kept in special helium-filled cases in the Library of the Parliament of India.
• With 25 parts containing 448 articles and 12 schedules, the Indian Constitution is the longest written constitution of any sovereign country in the world.

​Additional Information                 

• Important facts related to the Indian Constitution
  • The Constituent Assembly, which first met on December 9, 1946, took precisely 2 years, 11 months, and 18 days to come up with the final draft.
  • When the draft was prepared and put for debate and discussion, over 2000 amendments were made, before it was finalized.
  • The drafting of the Constitution was finally complete on 26th November 1949.
  • But, it was legally enforced only after two months on 26th January 1950.
  • Which came to be known as Republic Day.
• Our Constitution makers took inspiration from various other Constitutions while drafting the one for our country, which is why the Indian Constitution is often called a bag of borrowings.
  • The concept of Five Year Plans (FYP) was taken from the USSR.
  • The Directive Principles (socio-economic rights) were taken from Ireland.
  • The ideals of Liberty, Equality and Fraternity in our Preamble have been taken from the French Revolution, which is also the French motto.
  • The Preamble to our Constitution was inspired by the Preamble to the Constitution of the United States of America, which also starts with "We the people".
  • Fundamental rights adopted by American Constitution.
• In the beginning, the Right to Property was also one of the fundamental rights.
  • Article 31 of our constitution said that "No person shall be deprived of his property save by authority of law.
  • However, the 44^th Amendment, in 1978, deleted it.

The correct answer is ​Land and buildings.

• The Constitution of India provides for a division of powers between the Union (Centre) and states.
• It divides all the subjects into 3 lists – Union List, State List, and Concurrent List.
• The Union List describe the subjects under the control Centre Government, the State List describes the subjects under the jurisdiction of states being the Concurrent List describes the subjects which are under the joint jurisdiction of the Centre of States.
• Subjects of Three Lists:
  • The Union List Subjects (97 Subjects).
  • State List (66 Subjects).
  • Concurrent List (47 Subjects).
• The subjects which do not fall in these lists that is residuary subjects have been given to the Centre.

Key Points 

• State List enumerates the subjects on which each State Legislature can legislate and such laws operate within the territory of each state.
• The main subjects of the State List are:
  • Public order, police, state court fees, prisons, local government, public health and sanitation, hospitals and dispensaries, pilgrimages within India, intoxicating liquors, relief of disabled and unemployable, libraries, communications, agriculture, animal husbandry, water supply, irrigation and canals, fisheries, road passenger tax and goods tax, taxes on land and building, capitation tax and others.

The correct answer is 47.

• Lok Sabha considered as the lower house.
• It has seats reserved for Scheduled Castes and Tribes.
• The number of seats reserved for Scheduled Tribes is 41.
• The number of seats reserved for scheduled tribes was increased from 41 to 47 in the 15th Lok Sabha elections.
• The maximum strength of the House envisaged by the Constitution is 552, 
• By-election of up to 530 members to represent the States, up to 20 members to represent the Union Territories and two members of the Anglo-Indian Community to be nominated by the Hon'ble Presiden

Additional Information

• 131 seats out of the 543 Lok Sabha seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes.
• This is approximately 24% of all the seats.
• 84 seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes, and 47 seats are reserved for Scheduled Tribes.
• These numbers are changed by the Delimitation Commission of India based on changes in the population. 

The correct answer is By indirect elections by the members of the Provincial Legislative Assemblies established in 1935.

• The members of this assembly were elected indirectly, that is by the members of the provincial assemblies by the method of a single transferable vote of proportional representation.

Additional Information 

• Important facts about the Constituent Assembly
  • In 1934, M N Roy first proposed the idea of a constituent assembly.
  • The demand was taken up by the Congress Party in 1935 as an official demand.
  • The British accepted this in the August Offer of 1940.
  • Under the Cabinet Mission plan of 1946, elections were held for the formation of the constituent assembly.
  • The members of this assembly were elected indirectly, that is by the members of the provincial assemblies by the method of a single transferable vote of proportional representation
  • The constituent assembly was formed for the purpose of writing a constitution for independent India
  • Initially, the number of members was 389.
  • After partition, some of the members went to Pakistan and the number came down to 299.
  • Out of this, 229 were from the British provinces and 70 were nominated from the princely states.
  • Dr Sachchidananda Sinha was the first temporary chairman of the Constituent Assembly.
  • Later, Dr Rajendra Prasad was elected as the President and its Vice President was Harendra Coomar Mookerjee.
  • BN Rau was the constitutional advisor.
  • The assembly first met on 9 December 1946.
  • On 13 December 1946, Jawaharlal Nehru moved the ‘Objective Resolution’.
  • The National Flag of the Union was adopted on 22 July 1947.
  • The final document had 22 parts, 395 articles and 8 schedules.
  • The assembly had met for 11 sessions.
  • The last session was held during 14 – 26 November 1949.
  • The constitution was passed and adopted by the assembly on 26 November 1949.
  • On 24 January 1950, ‘Jana Gana Mana’ was adopted as the national anthem.
  • The constitution came into force on 26 January 1950 (which is celebrated as Republic Day).

The correct answer is Vallabhbhai Patel.

• Dr. Rajendra Prasad:
  • He was also known as Desh Ratna and Ajatshatru.
  • He was the first President of Independent India (1950-62).
  • He was the President of the Constituent Assembly.
• B. R . Ambedkar:
  • He is responsible for changing the working hours from 14 hours every day to 8 hours.
  • He is known as the 'Father of the Indian Constitution' as he was the chief architect of the Indian Constitution.
  • He was the first Law Minister of independent India.
  • He called Article 32 the soul and heart of the constitution.
  • The Constitution Assembly set up a Drafting Committee under the Chairmanship of Dr. B. R. Ambedkar on 29 August 1947.

• Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel:
  • He is popularly known as the Iron Man of India.
  • The Statue of Unity is built in dedication to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
  • He was India’s first Deputy Prime Minister and first Home Minister.
  • Since 2014, October 31 is being celebrated as ''National Unity Day'' to commemorate the birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
  • He was the Chairman of the Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas of the Constituent Assembly of India.
• J. L. Nehru:
  • He was the First Prime Minister of India
  • He built institutions such as IIT and AIIMS
  • Nehru was elected as the president of the Lahore session of INC on 29 December 1929 and introduced a successful resolution calling for Swaraj. 
  • He was Second Individual Satyagrahi.
  • He was the chairman of the Union Power Committee and Union Constitution Committee.

The Correct Answer is "Article 129".

Important Points

• Article 129 in The Constitution Of India 1949.
• The Supreme Court of India shall be a court of record and shall have all the powers of such a court including the power to punish for contempt of itself.
• Court of Record is defined as "a court whereof the acts and judicial proceedings are enrolled for a perpetual memorial and testimony, and which has power to fine and imprison for contempt of its authority".
• Contempt of court signifies not only a willful disregard or disobedience of its orders, but such conduct as tends to bring the authority of the court and the administration of the law into disrespect or to defeat, impair, or prejudice the rights of witnesses or parties to pending litigation.
• It is clear from the above definitions in India the Supreme Court and High Courts act as Court of Records by virtue of Article 129 and Article 215 of the Indian Constitution respectively.

Additional Information

• There are 104 amendments that have been made in the Indian constitution up to January 25, 2020.
• The very first amendment in the Indian Constitution was made in 1951.
• The world's lengthiest written constitution had 395 articles in 22 parts and 8 schedules at the time of commencement.
• Now the Constitution of India has 448 articles in 25 parts and 12 schedules.
• There are 104 amendments (which took place on 25th January 2020 to extend the reservation of seats for SCs and STs in the Lok Sabha and states assemblies) that have been made in the Indian constitution so far.
• The Constitution (One Hundred and Twenty-Fourth Amendment) Bill, 2019 was introduced in Lok Sabha by the Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment, Mr. Thaawar Chand Gehlot on January 8, 2019.
• The Bill seeks to provide for the advancement of “economically weaker sections” of citizens. 

Key Points

Constitution of India: 

• The Constitution of India came into force on January 26, 1950.
• The constitution is the foundational law of any country.
• It took 2 years 11 months and 18 days to create the constitution of India.
• The process was initiated on 9th December 1946 and came to an end on 26th November 1949.
• 11 sessions covering 165 days were held in this duration.
• Some provisions of the constitution came into force on 26th November 1949 while a major part came into force on 26th January 1950.

​Thus, on 26 January 1950, the constitution of India was implemented.